1）LD（取指令） 一個常開觸點與左母線連接的指令，每一個以常開觸點開始的邏輯行都用此指令2）LDI（取反指令） 一個常閉觸點與左母線連接指令，每一個以常閉觸點開始的邏輯行都用此指令。（3）LDP（取上升沿指令） 與左母線連接的常開觸點的上升沿檢測指令，僅在指定位元件的上升沿（由OFF→ON）時接通一個掃描周期（4）LDF（取下降沿指令） 與左母線連接的常閉觸點的下降沿檢測指令。（5）OUT（輸出指令） 對線圈進行驅動的指令，也稱為輸出指令取指令與輸出指令的使用說明：1）LD、LDI指令既可用于輸入左母線相連的觸點，也可與ANB、ORB指令配合實現塊邏輯運算2）LDP、LDF指令僅在對應元件有效時維持一個掃描周期的接通。3）LD、LDI、LDP、LDF指令的目標元件為X 、Y 、M 、T、C、S；4）OUT指令可以連續使用若干次（相當于線圈并聯），對于定時器和計數器，在OUT指令之后應設置常數K或數據寄存器5）OUT指令目標元件為Y、M、T、C和S，但不能用于X（1）AND（與指令） 一個常開觸點串聯連接指令，完成邏輯“與”運算。（2）ANI（與反指令） 一個常閉觸點串聯連接指令，完成邏輯“與非”運算。（3）ANDP 上升沿檢測串聯連接指令。（4）ANDF 下降沿檢測串聯連接指令觸點串聯指令的使用的使用說明：1）AND、ANI、ANDP、ANDF都指是單個觸點串聯連接的指令，串聯次數沒有限制，可反復使用2）AND、ANI、ANDP、ANDF的目標元元件為X、Y、M、T、C和S。3）OUT M101指令之后通過T1的觸點去驅動Y4稱為連續輸出。觸點并聯指令（OR/ORI/ORP/ORF）（1）OR（或指令） 用于單個常開觸點的并聯，實現邏輯“或”運算。（2）ORI（或非指令） 用于單個常閉觸點的并聯，實現邏輯“或非”運算3）ORP 上升沿檢測并聯連接指令。（4）ORF 下降沿檢測并聯連接指令觸點并聯指令的使用說明：1）OR、ORI、ORP、ORF指令都是指單個觸點的并聯，并聯觸點的左端接到LD、LDI、LDP或LPF處，右端與前一條指令對應觸點的右端相連。觸點并聯指令連續使用的次數不限；2）OR、ORI、ORP、ORF指令的目標元件為X、Y、M、T、C、S。塊操作指令（ORB / ANB（1）ORB（塊或指令） 用于兩個或兩個以上的觸點串聯連接的電路之間的并聯。ORB指令的使用說1）幾個串聯電路塊并聯連接時，每個串聯電路塊開始時應該用LD或LDI指令；2）有多個電路塊并聯回路，如對每個電路塊使用ORB指令，則并聯的電路塊數量沒有限制；3）ORB指令也可以連續使用，但這種程序寫法不推薦使用，LD或LDI指令的使用次數不得超過8次，也就是ORB只能連續使用8次以下（2）ANB（塊與指令） 用于兩個或兩個以上觸點并聯連接的電路之間的串聯。ANB指令的使用說明：1）并聯電路塊串聯連接時，并聯電路塊的開始均用LD或LDI指令；2）多個并聯回路塊連接按順序和前面的回路串聯時，ANB指令的使用次數沒有限制。也可連續使用ANB，但與ORB一樣，使用次數在8次以下。置位與復位指令（SET/RST1）SET（置位指令） 它的作用是使被操作的目標元件置位并保持（2）RST（復位指令） 使被操作的目標元件復位并保持清零狀態。SET、RST指令的使用，當X0常開接通時，Y0變為ON狀態并一直保持該狀態，即使X0斷開Y0的ON狀態仍維持不變；只有當X1的常開閉合時，Y0才變為OFF狀態并保持，即使X1常開斷開，Y0也仍為OFF狀態。SET 、RST指令的使用SET指令的目標元件為Y、M、S，RST指令的目標元件為Y、M、S、T、C、D、V 、Z。RST指令常被用來對D、Z、V的內容清零，還用來復位積算定時器和計數器。2）對于同一目標元件，SET、RST可多次使用，順序也可隨意，但后執行者有效。微分指令（PLS/PLF）（1）PLS（上升沿微分指令） 在輸入信號上升沿產生一個掃描周期的脈沖輸出（2）PLF（下降沿微分指令） 在輸入信號下降沿產生一個掃描周期的脈沖輸出。利用微分指令檢測到信號的邊沿，通過置位和復位命令控制Y0的狀態PLS、PLF指令的使用說明：1）PLS、PLF指令的目標元件為Y和M；2）使用PLS時，僅在驅動輸入為ON后的一個掃描周期內目標元件ON，M0僅在X0的常開觸點由斷到通時的一個掃描周期內為ON；使用PLF指令時只是利用輸入信號的下降沿驅動，其它與PLS相同。主控指令（MC/MCR）1）MC（主控指令） 用于公共串聯觸點的連接。執行MC后，左母線移到MC觸點的后面。2）MCR（主控復位指令） 它是MC指令的復位指令，即利用MCR指令恢復原左母線的位置。在編程時常會出現這樣的情況，多個線圈同時受一個或一組觸點控制，如果在每個線圈的控制電路中都串入同樣的觸點，將占用很多存儲單元，使用主控指令就可以解決這一問題。MC、MCR指令利用MC N0 M100實現左母線右移，使Y0、Y1都在X0的控制之下，其中N0表示嵌套等級，在無嵌套結構中N0的使用次數無限制；利用MCR N0恢復到原左母線狀態。如果X0斷開則會跳過MC、MCR之間的指令向下執行。MC、MCR指令的使用說明：1）MC、MCR指令的目標元件為Y和M，但不能用特殊輔助繼電器。MC占3個程序步，MCR占2個程序步；）主控觸點在梯形圖中與一般觸點垂直。主控觸點是與左母線相連的常開觸點，是控制一組電路的總開關。與主控觸點相連的觸點必須用LD或LDI指令。3）MC指點斷開時，在MC和MCR之內的積算定時器、計數器、用復位/置位指令驅動的元件保持其之前的狀態不變。非積算定時器和計數器，用OUT指令驅動的元件將復位，22中當X0斷開，Y0和Y1即變為OFF。
1) LD (take command) a command connecting a normally open contact to the left bus, and each logic line starting with the normally open contact uses this command. 2) LDI (take reverse command) a command connecting a normally closed contact to the left bus, and each logic line starting with the normally closed contact uses this command. (3) The rising edge detection command of the normally open contact connected between the LDP (taking the rising edge command) and the left bus is only connected for one scanning cycle (4) when the rising edge of the positioning element is pointed (from off to on). The falling edge detection command of the normally closed contact connected between the LDF (taking the falling edge command) and the left bus. (5) Out (output command) command to drive the coil, also known as output command fetch command and output command instructions: 1) ld and LDI commands can be used to input the contacts connected to the left bus, and can also cooperate with anb and orb commands to realize block logic operation. 2) LDP and LDF commands only maintain the connection of a scanning cycle when the corresponding components are valid. 3) The target components of LD, LDI, LDP and LDF instructions are x, y, m, t, C and S; 4) The out command can be used several times continuously (equivalent to coil parallel connection). For timers and counters, the constant K or data register should be set after the out command. 5) the target components of the out command are y, m, t, C and s, but it cannot be used for a normally open contact series connection command of X (1) and (and command) to complete the logical "and" operation. (2) Ani (and reverse command) a normally closed contact is connected in series to complete the logical "and not" operation. (3) The rising edge of the andp detects the serial connection command. (4) Instructions for the use of andf falling edge detection series connection command contact series connection command: 1) and, ani, andp, andf all refer to the command of single contact series connection. The number of series connections is unlimited and can be used repeatedly. 2) the target components of and, ani, andp, andf are x, y, m, t, C, and s. 3) Driving Y4 through the contact of T1 after the out M101 command is called continuous output. Contact parallel instruction (or/ori/orp/orf) (1) or (or instruction) is used for parallel connection of single normally open contact to realize logical "or" operation. (2) Ori (or not command) is used for parallel connection of single normally closed contact to realize logical "or not" operation 3) ORP rising edge detection of parallel connection command. (4) Instructions for use of ORF falling edge detection parallel connection command contact parallel command: 1) or, ori, ORP and ORF commands refer to the parallel connection of a single contact. The left end of the parallel contact is connected to LD, LDI, LDP or LPF, and the right end is connected to the right end of the contact corresponding to the previous command. The number of continuous use of the contact parallel command is unlimited; 2) The target components of or, ori, ORP and ORF instructions are x, y, m, t, C and s. Block operation command (ORB / anb (1) orb (block or command) is used for parallel connection between circuits with two or more contacts connected in series. Use of orb instruction 1) when several series circuit blocks are connected in parallel, LD or LDI instruction should be used at the beginning of each series circuit block; 2) There are multiple circuit block parallel circuits. If the orb command is used for each circuit block, the number of circuit blocks in parallel is unlimited; 3) Orb instruction can also be used continuously, but this programming method is not recommended. LD or LDI instruction shall not be used more than 8 times, that is, orb can only be used continuously for less than 8 times (2) anb (block and instruction) for series connection between circuits with two or more contacts connected in parallel. Instructions for using anb command: 1) when parallel circuit blocks are connected in series, LD or LDI command is used at the beginning of parallel circuit blocks; 2) When multiple parallel circuit blocks are connected in series with the previous circuit in sequence, there is no limit on the number of times anb commands can be used. Anb can also be used continuously, but like orb, it is used less than 8 times. Set and reset instruction (set/rst1) set (set instruction) its function is to set and maintain the operated target element (2) rst (reset instruction) to reset and maintain the reset state of the operated target element. The use of set and RST commands. When x0 is normally open and connected, Y0 changes to the on state and remains in this state. Even if x0 is disconnected, Y0's on state remains unchanged; Only when X1 is normally open and closed, Y0 becomes off and remains. Even if X1 is normally open and closed, Y0 is still off. The target components of set and RST instructions are y, m and S. the target components of RST instructions are y, m, s, t, C, D, V and Z. Rst instruction is often used to clear the contents of D, Z and V, and to reset the integrating timer and counter. 2) For the same target component, set and RST can be used multiple times, and the order can be arbitrary, but the last executor is valid. Differential command (pls/plf) (1) PLS (rising edge differential command) generates pulse output of one scanning cycle at the rising edge of the input signal (2) PLF (falling edge differential command) generates pulse output of one scanning cycle at the falling edge of the input signal. Use the differential command to detect the edge of the signal, and control the status of Y0 through the set and reset commands. Instructions for the use of PLS and PLF commands: 1) the target components of PLS and PLF commands are y and m; 2) When using PLS, the target element is on only in one scanning cycle after the drive input is on, and M0 is on only in one scanning cycle when the normally open contact of x0 changes from off to on; When PLF command is used, it is only driven by the falling edge of the input signal, and the others are the same as pls. Master command (mc/mcr) 1) MC (master command) is used for connection of common series contacts. After MC is executed, the left busbar moves behind the MC contact. 2) MCR (master control reset instruction) is the reset instruction of MC instruction, that is, use MCR instruction to restore the position of the original left bus. In programming, it often happens that multiple coils are controlled by one or a group of contacts at the same time. If the same contacts are connected in series in the control circuit of each coil, it will occupy a lot of storage units. This problem can be solved by using the master command. MC and MCR instructions use MC N0 M100 to realize the right shift of the left bus, so that Y0 and Y1 are under the control of x0, where N0 represents the nesting level, and there is no limit to the number of times N0 can be used in the non nested structure; Use MCR N0 to restore to the original left bus state. If x0 is disconnected, the instruction between MC and MCR will be skipped and executed downward. Instructions for use of MC and MCR commands: 1) the target components of MC and MCR commands are y and m, but special auxiliary relays cannot be used. MC accounts for 3 procedure steps and MCR for 2 procedure steps;) The main control contact is perpendicular to the general contact in the ladder diagram. The main control contact is a normally open contact connected to the left bus and is the main switch that controls a group of circuits. The contacts connected with the main control contacts must be commanded by LD or LDI. 3) When MC refers to disconnection, the integrating timer, counter and components driven by reset / set command in MC and MCR remain unchanged. For non integrating timers and counters, components driven by out command will be reset. When x0 is disconnected in 22, Y0 and Y1 will become off.
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